Le saviez-vous?
Si la personne qui opère un chariot élévateur ne peut pas voir l’ensemble de la charge et n’a pas une vue claire de l’itinéraire à emprunter, l’employeur doit choisir une personne comme signaleuse ou signaleur pour l’aider.
Résumé
On entend par « chariot élévateur » un chariot élévateur défini dans la dernière version de la norme ANSI/ITSDF B56.1 de l’American National Standards Institute (ANSI), « Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks » (Norme de sécurité pour les chariots à faible levée et à grande levée - en anglais seulement).
Il incombe à l’employeur de faire ce qui suit :
- S’assurer qu’il est érigé, installé, assemblé, mis en marche, utilisé, manipulé, stocké, arrêté, inspecté, entretenu, mis à l’essai, nettoyé, réglé, maintenu, réparé, modifié et démonté conformément aux spécifications de l’entreprise fabricante ou aux spécifications certifiées par une ingénieure et un ingénieur. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 55]
- En outre, s’assurer qu’un chariot élévateur est conçu, construit, entretenu, inspecté et utilisé conformément à la dernière version de la norme applicable énumérée ci-dessous : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 81(1)]
- Norme CSA B335, « Normes de sécurité pour les chariots élévateurs »;
- Norme ANSI/ITSDF B56.1, « Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks » (Norme de sécurité pour les chariots à faible levée et à grande levée - en anglais seulement);
- Norme ANSI/ITSDF B56.6, « Safety Standard for Rough Terrain Forklift Trucks » (Norme de sécurité pour les camions élévateurs à fourche tout terrain - en anglais seulement).
- S’assurer que chaque responsable de la supervision et la personne qui opère l’équipement reçoit les renseignements, les instructions, la formation, la supervision, les installations et l’équipement nécessaires à son utilisation sécuritaire conformément aux normes susmentionnées. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 81(2)]
- S’assurer qu’un chariot élévateur est utilisé de manière à ne pas mettre quiconque en danger. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 82]
- S’assurer qu’un programme de sécurité pour l’utilisation d’un chariot élévateur est élaboré et qu’il comprend toutes les considérations et mesures décrites dans la section 4 de la norme CSA B335, « Norme de sécurité pour les chariots élévateurs ».
- S’assurer que le chariot élévateur : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 56]
- est utilisé par une personne compétente;
- que tous les engrenages et toutes les pièces mobiles sont bien protégés de manière à ne pas blesser quiconque;
- que toutes les charges qui s’y trouvent sont arrimées de manière adéquate afin d’éviter de blesser quiconque;
- que les personnes qui opèrent l’équipement celles qui sont passagères sur celui-ci peuvent y accéder et en sortir en toute sécurité.
- Veiller à désigner au moins une signaleuse ou un signaleur compétent pour diriger les mouvements sûrs de la charge ou de l’équipement en toute sécurité d’un chariot élévateur lorsque la personne qui opère un chariot élévateur : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 57(1)]
- ne dispose pas d’une vue adéquate du chargement;
- n’a pas une vision claire de l’itinéraire que le chargement doit emprunter;
- n’est pas en mesure de voir clairement autour de l’équipement lorsqu’il est en mouvement et n’a pas pris de mesures afin de s’assurer qu’une personne ne sera pas blessée lorsque l’équipement est en mouvement;
- déplace l’équipement sous son propre contrôle d’un endroit à l’autre et que ce déplacement peut constituer un danger.
- S’assurer que les chariots élévateurs sont équipés des dispositifs de sécurité suivants : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 58]
- d’une alarme de secours audible ou d’un autre moyen de protection offrant un niveau de sécurité équivalent, fonctionnant automatiquement en marche arrière et clairement audible au-dessus du bruit de fond du lieu de travail;
- d’un avertisseur sonore à commande manuelle (sauf si l’avertisseur n’a pas été installé par l’entreprise fabricante);
- de feux avant et arrière adéquats si l’équipement est utilisé après la tombée de la nuit ou dans des zones faiblement éclairées;
- d’un système de freinage adéquat;
- d’un écran, d’un bouclier, d’une grille, d’un déflecteur, d’un élément protecteur ou de toute autre protection adéquate pour la personne opérant la grue s’il y a un risque de projection ou d’intrusion d’objets.
- S’assurer que le chariot élévateur n’a pas été modifié de manière à rendre inefficace un dispositif de sécurité ou une commande, à moins que la modification ait été certifiée par écrit par l’entreprise fabricante ou une ingénieure et un ingénieur et qu’elle offre une protection égale ou supérieure. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 60]
- Veiller à prendre des précautions pour s’assurer que le chariot élévateur ne bascule pas ou ne se renverse pas. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 61]
- S’assurer que tous les matériaux des vitrages et des structures de protection en plastique rigide utilisés dans l’enceinte d’un couvercle, d’un auvent ou d’une structure de protection anti-renversement sont adaptés au lieu d’utilisation du camion et qu’ils sont immédiatement remplacés s’ils présentent un risque, notamment s’ils gênent la visibilité de manière permanente. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 66]
- S’assurer que les chariots élévateurs équipés d’un moteur à combustion interne disposent d’un équipement de protection contre l’incendie adéquat à bord. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 67(2)]
- S’assurer que les rétroviseurs sont installés et maintenus aux intersections sans visibilité afin d’éviter les collisions. Des dispositifs équivalents ou des procédures écrites offrant un niveau de sécurité équivalent peuvent également être utilisés. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 67(3)]
- Veiller à prendre des mesures pour réduire la quantité de poussière dans l’air, où une mauvaise visibilité peut créer un danger. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 68]
- S’assurer que les équipements équipés de câbles métalliques, de tambours et de poulies sont inspectés visuellement tous les jours par la personne qui opère l’équipement, et inspectés visuellement et manuellement toutes les semaines par une personne compétente. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 70(1)]
- S’assurer, lorsqu’une personne travaille sous un équipement qui est soulevé du sol, que des plots et d’autres moyens de soutien adéquats sont utilisés, au cas où le moyen de levage ne fonctionnerait pas. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 70(2)]
- Lorsque le chariot élévateur est déplacé par un moteur à combustion interne dans un bâtiment ou une autre structure fermée, il faut s’assurer que la ventilation, la surveillance et les pratiques d’archivage sont adéquates pour que l’exposition aux gaz d’échappement ne dépasse pas la limite d’exposition professionnelle fixée dans la partie 2 : Santé au travail du règlement sur la santé et la sécurité en milieu de travail (Workplace Health and Safety Regulations). [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 82(1A)]
- Veiller, lorsque le chariot élévateur est propulsé au propane, à assurer que tous les composants du moteur et du carburant sont conçus, assemblés, examinés, inspectés, utilisés et entretenus conformément à la dernière version de la norme CSA B149.2 « Code sur le stockage et la manutention du propane ».
- S’assurer que lorsqu’un chariot élévateur est utilisé dans les lieux suivants : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 82(2)]
- Dans le cas d’une allée à sens unique, la largeur de l’allée est au moins égale à la largeur du véhicule ou de la charge transportée (la plus large des deux) plus 600 mm.
- Dans le cas d’une allée à double sens, la largeur de l’allée est égale à au moins deux fois la largeur du véhicule ou de la charge transportée (la plus grande des deux), plus 900 mm.
Il incombe à la signaleuse ou au signaleur de faire ce qui suit : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 57(2)] [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 126]
- Veiller à être facilement repérable par la personne qui opère l’équipement.
- Veiller à utiliser des signaux manuels clairs et bien compris ou un autre système de communication efficace pour diriger le déplacement d’une charge ou d’un équipement.
- Veiller à avertir la personne qui opère l’équipement chaque fois que le treuil ou la charge s’approche de la distance minimale précisée à l’article 126 par rapport à une ligne électrique aérienne ou à un équipement de ligne électrique.
- S’assurer de demander l’aide d’une autre signaleuse ou d’un autre signaleur si la vue est obstruée, à la fois pour la signaleuse ou le signaleur et par la conductrice ou le conducteur.
Il incombe à l’opératrice ou à l’opérateur de faire ce qui suit :
- S’assurer qu’ils ont reçu les informations, les instructions, la formation, la supervision, les installations et l’équipement nécessaires à l’utilisation en toute sécurité de l’équipement conformément aux normes CSA énumérées à l’article 81(1). [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 81(2)]
- Lorsque le déplacement de la charge ou de l’itinéraire peut causer des dommages à une personne, de ne déplacer une charge que sur le signal d’une signaleuse ou d’un signaleur. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 57(3)]
- Veiller à utiliser la ceinture de sécurité ou tout autre dispositif de retenue lorsque l’équipement est en mouvement. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 65(2)]
- Ne pas utiliser un chariot élévateur avec d’autres personnes à bord, sauf s’il est conçu pour le faire en toute sécurité. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 67(1)]
- Ne pas mettre l’équipement en mouvement tant que toutes les pressions pneumatiques et hydrauliques ne correspondent pas aux niveaux de fonctionnement précisés. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 69(a)]
- Lorsque l’appareil est laissé sans surveillance : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 69(b)]
- dans la mesure du possible, les pièces doivent être placées sur un terrain plat;
- serrer le frein à main;
- abaisser les lames, le godet ou tout autre accessoire ou bloquer l’accessoire;
- débrayer l’embrayage principal, le cas échéant;
- arrêter le moteur ou prendre d’autres précautions pour s’assurer que l’équipement n’est pas mis en mouvement par inadvertance.
- Ne pas transporter de conteneurs d’essence, d’huile diesel ou d’autres substances inflammables (classées dans la catégorie B ou inflammable en vertu de la Loi sur les produits dangereux [Canada]) dans la zone où se trouve une personne. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 69(c)]
- S’assurer qu’il n’y a pas d’éléments mal fixés qui peuvent présenter un danger dans la cabine d’opération du chariot élévateur. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 69(d)]
Structures de protection anti-renversement
Il incombe à l’employeur de faire ce qui suit :
- Lorsque cela est raisonnablement possible, s’assurer que les chariots élévateurs fabriqués à partir du 1er janvier 1974 sont équipés de structures de protection anti-retournement qui répondent aux exigences minimales de sécurité de la dernière version des normes suivantes ou qui sont certifiées par une ingénieure ou un ingénieur ou par une entreprise fabricante comme offrant une protection équivalente ou supérieure : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 63(1)]
- Norme CSA B352.0, « Structures de protection contre le retournement (ROPS), structures de protection contre les chutes d’objets (FOPS), structures de protection de l’opérateur (OPS) et structures de protection contre le basculement (TOPS) pour engins mobiles – Partie 1 – Exigences canadiennes générales »;
- Norme CSA B352.1, « Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines – Part 2: Testing Requirements for ROPS on Agricultural Tractors » (s’il y a lieu) [Structures de protection anti-renversement pour les machines agricoles, de construction, de terrassement, forestières, industrielles et minières – partie 2 : Exigences d’essai des structures sur les tracteurs agricoles – en anglais seulement];
- Norme CSA B352.2, « Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines – Part 3 : Testing Requirements for ROPS on Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines » (s’il y a lieu) [Structures de protection anti-renversement pour les machines agricoles, de construction, de terrassement, forestières, industrielles et minières – partie 3 : Exigences d’essai des structures sur les machines de construction, de terrassement, forestières, industrielles et minières – en anglais seulement].
- Si la protection anti-renversement indiquée ci-dessus n’est pas réalisable, il incombe à l’employeur de s’assurer de ce qui suit : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 63(2)]
- Une structure de protection anti-renversement et les accessoires de soutien sont conçus, fabriqués et installés de manière à supporter au moins deux fois le poids de l’équipement, le poids étant basé sur la résistance ultime du matériau et intégrant les supports avec la charge au point d’impact;
- S’assurer qu’il existe un espace libre vertical de 1 320 mm entre le pont et le dispositif de protection en cas de renversement au niveau des ouvertures d’accès;
- Le dispositif de protection en cas de renversement et les éléments de fixation sont certifiés conformes à ces exigences par l’entreprise fabricante du dispositif de protection en cas de renversement, l’agence chargée de l’installation ou une ingénieure ou un ingénieur.
- S’assurer que les modifications, adaptations ou réparations apportées à un dispositif de protection anti-renversement et ayant une incidence sur son intégrité structurelle satisfont aux exigences ci-dessus et que l’agence de conception, l’agence d’installation ou l’ingénieure ou l’ingénieur certifie qu’elles satisfont à ces exigences. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 63(3)]
- S’assurer que toute soudure sur un dispositif de protection anti-renversement susceptible d’avoir une incidence sur l’intégrité structurelle est effectuée par une personne compétente. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 64]
- Lorsqu’un chariot élévateur a été équipé d’une structure de protection anti-renversement, s’assurer qu’il est doté de ce qui suit : [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 65]
- Ceintures de sécurité pour la conductrice ou le conducteur et les passagères ou passagers conformes ou supérieures à la dernière version de la norme SAE applicable (SAE J386, « Operator Restraint System for Off-Road Work Machines » [en anglais uniquement], ou SAE J800, « Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Assembly Installation » [en anglais uniquement]);
- Lorsque le port de la ceinture de sécurité n’est pas possible, des dispositifs de retenue comme des ceintures épaulières, des barres, des barrières, des écrans ou d’autres dispositifs semblables conçus pour empêcher la conductrice ou le conducteur et les passagères ou passagers d’être projetés à l’extérieur de la structure de protection en cas de renversement.
Plates-formes de travail pour chariot élévateur
Il incombe à l’employeur de faire ce qui suit :
- S’assurer que les plates-formes de travail des chariots élévateurs sont conçues, entretenues, inspectées et utilisées conformément à la dernière version de la norme ANSI/ITSDF B56.1, « Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks » (Norme de sécurité pour les chariots à faible levée et à grande levée – en anglais seulement). [N.S. Reg. 52/2013, s. 23.12]
- S’assurer que, lorsqu’une personne se trouve sur la plate-forme de travail d’un chariot élévateur, s’assurer que le chariot élévateur utilisé pour soulever une personne n’est utilisé que dans les conditions suivantes :
- doit être utilisé par une personne compétente qui est en permanence aux commandes;
- ne doit pas être déplacé latéralement (vers l’avant, vers l’arrière ou d’un côté à l’autre) sur de grandes distances;
- le chariot ou la plate-forme peut être déplacé lentement pour effectuer des ajustements mineurs uniquement.
Il incombe aux membres du personnel de faire ce qui suit :
- En tant que passagère ou passager d’un chariot élévateur, veiller à utiliser la ceinture de sécurité ou tout autre dispositif de retenue lorsque l’équipement est en mouvement. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 65(2)]
- Ne pas utiliser un chariot élévateur avec d’autres personnes à bord, sauf s’il est conçu pour le faire en toute sécurité. [N.S. Reg. 44/99, s. 67(1)]
- Lors de l’utilisation d’un chariot élévateur :
- Suivre une formation appropriée sur le fonctionnement des commandes avant d’utiliser l’appareil.
- Savoir quoi faire et suivre les procédures d’urgence en cas d’accident.
- Lire, comprendre et observer les instructions figurant dans le manuel d’utilisation fourni par l’entreprise fabricante.
Législation
Occupational Safety General Regulations
N.S. Reg. 44/99
Part 1 Title and Definitions
Section 2 Definitions
2. In these regulations,
(a) "Act" means the Occupational Health and Safety Act ;
(aa) "adequate" means sufficient to protect a person from injury or damage to health;
(b) "ALI" means the Automotive Lift Institute;
(ba) "angle of repose" means the angle with the horizontal at which material will no longer flow freely;
(c) "ANSI" means the American National Standards Institute;
(ca) "approved" means approved by the Department or by an agency or authority designated or selected by the Department to make approvals;
(d) "ASME" means the American Society of Mechanical Engineers;
(e) "ASTM" means the American Society for Testing and Materials;
(ea) "CGA" means the Compressed Gas Association;
(f) "CGSB" means the Canadian General Standards Board;
(g) "competent person" means a person who is
(i) qualified because of their knowledge, training and experience to do the assigned work in a manner that ensures the health and safety of every person in the workplace, and
(ii) knowledgeable about the provisions of the Act and regulations that apply to the assigned work, and about potential or actual danger to health or safety associated with the assigned work;
(ga) "compressed air" means air mechanically raised to a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure;
(h) "CSA" means the Canadian Standards Association;
(i) "demolition" means the destruction or removal of all, or part, of an existing building or structure;
(ia) "Department" means the Department of Labour and Advanced Education;
(j) "designated" means, in relation to an employer, appointed in writing by the employer;
(k) "electrical installation" means the wires, machinery, apparatus, appliances, devices, material and equipment used or intended for use for the generation, transmission, distribution, supply and use of electrical power or energy, and includes a power line and power line equipment;
(l) "engineer" means a person who is registered as a member or licensed to practise under the Engineering Profession Act and is competent to do the work being performed;
(m) "firefighter" means
(i) an employee who provides fire suppression services to the public from a fire department within a municipality or local service district, or
(ii) an industrial firefighter;
(n) "guardrail" means a fall protection system consisting of vertical and horizontal members that
(i) are capable of withstanding concentrated forces, as prescribed in these regulations or an applicable standard,
(ii) warn of a fall hazard, and
(iii) reduce the risk of a fall;
(o) "hazardous substance" means chemical or biological material, dangerous goods within the meaning of the Dangerous Goods Transportation Act or a controlled product within the meaning of the Hazardous Products Act (Canada) that is likely to, because of its harmful nature, cause injury or damage to the health or safety of a person exposed to it;
(p) "hoist" means a device or equipment and its structure used for lifting or lowering material, including cranes, an automotive lift, a winch, a chain fall or other similar device, but does not include a lift truck, a power operated elevating work platform, a device to which the Elevators and Lifts Act applies or a hoist that operates in a shaft in the underground at a mine;
(pa) "ITSDF" means the Industrial Truck Standards Development Foundation;
(q) "industrial firefighter" means an employee who
(i) is designated to fight fires at the employee's place of employment, and
(ii) is employed by an employer who does not, in the normal course of its business, provide fire suppression services to the public;
(qa) "latest version" means, in relation to a standard or other publication, the latest edition of the standard or publication as supplemented, amended, added to, replaced or superseded;
(r) "lift truck" means a lift truck as defined in the latest version of ANSI standard ANSI/ITSDF B56.1, "Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks";
(s) "locked out" means to have
(i) isolated the energy source or sources from a machine, equipment, tool or electrical installation,
(ii) dissipated any residual energy in a system, and
(iii) secured the isolation of the energy source or sources by an inhibiting device that is operated by a key or other process,
and to have performed a "lock-out" has a similar meaning;
(t) "machine" Repealed. [N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 1]
(u) "manufacturer's specifications" means
(i) the written instructions of a manufacturer of a machine, material, tool or equipment that outline the manner in which the machine, material, tool or equipment is to be erected, installed, assembled, started, operated, used, handled, stored, stopped, adjusted, carried, maintained, repaired, inspected, serviced, tested, cleaned or dismantled, and
(ii) a manufacturer's instruction, operating or maintenance manual and drawings respecting a machine, tool or equipment;
(ua) "mobile crane" means a mobile crane to which the latest version of CSA standard CSA Z150 , "Safety Code on Mobile Cranes" applies;
(v) "NFPA" means the National Fire Protection Association;
(va) "overhead crane" means any mechanical device or structure that is used to raise, lower and move material that travels overhead and that incorporates a
(i) power driven drum, bridge and cable or rope,
(ii) single or multiple girder, and
(iii) moveable bridge carrying a moveable or fixed hoisting mechanism,
but does not include wall cranes, cantilever gantry cranes and semi-gantry cranes;
(vb) "personal flotation device" means personal protective equipment that is capable of supporting a person with their head above water without the direct effort of the person wearing the equipment;
(w) "power line" means the above-ground or underground wiring that is used to distribute electricity;
(x) "power line equipment" means the components that are required to distribute electricity by means of a power line;
(y) "power operated elevating work platform" means a mobile horizontal working surface that provides access and support to a person at a workplace, and that is elevated and lowered by means of a mechanism and [that complies with] Part 23: Scaffolds and Other Elevated Work Platforms, of the Workplace Health and Safety Regulations made under the Act, including a standard listed in subsection (4) thereof;
(z) "powered mobile equipment" means self-propelled equipment that is designed to operate on land in conditions other than a public highway, but does not include equipment primarily designed to transport persons, a lift truck or a power operated elevating work platform;
(aa) "SAE" means the Society of Automotive Engineers;
(ab) "structural fire-fighting" means the activities of rescue, fire suppression and conservation of property from fires involving buildings, structures, vehicles, vessels, aircraft or other large objects constructed by human effort;
(ac) "surface mine" means a work or undertaking, other than a trench, for the purpose of opening up, proving, removing or extracting any metallic or non-metallic mineral or mineral bearing substance, rock, earth, clay, sand or gravel by means of an open excavation, and includes a pit or quarry;
(ad) "tower crane" means any mechanical device or structure that
(i) incorporates a power-driven drum and cable or rope and a vertical mast or tower and a jib,
(ii) is of the traveling, fixed or climbing type, and
(iii) is used exclusively for raising, lowering and moving material;
(ae)"trench" means an excavation in which the excavation depth exceeds the excavation width;
(af) "work area" means a location at the workplace at which an employee or self-employed person is or is likely to be working;
(ag) "worked" means drilled, blasted, extracted, excavated, loaded or subjected to other similar work.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 1; 151/2003; 53/2013, ss. 1, 93]
Part 7 Hoists and Mobile Equipment
Section 55 General provisions
55. An employer shall ensure that a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment is erected, installed, assembled, started, operated, used, handled, stored, stopped, inspected, serviced, tested, cleaned, adjusted, maintained, repaired, modified and dismantled in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications, or the specifications certified by an engineer.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 26; 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 56
56. An employer shall ensure that a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment
(a) is operated by a competent person;
(b) has gears and moving parts securely guarded by adequate means where necessary to prevent a hazard to a person in the workplace;
(c) has any load on it adequately secured where necessary to prevent a hazard to a person in the workplace; and
(d) is provided with safe means of access and exit from the operator's position and any passenger's position.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 27; 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 57 Signaller
57. (1) An employer shall designate one or more competent persons as a signaller to direct the safe movement of a load, hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment where the operator of that hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment
(a) does not have an adequate view of the load;
(b) does not have a clear view of the route the load is to take;
(c) is not able to see clearly around the equipment when moving and has not taken measures sufficient to ensure that no person is exposed to a hazard as a result of the movement of equipment;
(d) is not able to see clearly where the hoist or its load may encroach the minimum distance specified in Section 126 or a hoist is positioned closer than the length of its boom to an overhead energized power line or power line equipment; or
(e) is causing the equipment to move under its own power from one location to another and the situation creates a hazard in the workplace.
(2) A signaller shall
(a) be readily identifiable to the operator;
(b) direct the movement of a load or equipment by a well understood distinctive code of hand signals or another effective communication system;
(c) warn the operator each time
(i) any part of the hoist or its load may encroach on the minimum distance specified in Section 126, or
(ii) the hoist is positioned closer than the length of its boom
from an overhead energized power line or power line equipment; and
(d) obtain the assistance of another signaller if all or part of the view of the load or route is obstructed from both the signaller and the operator.
(3) An operator of a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment in a situation referred to in subsection (1) shall move a load only on a signal from a signaller.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 28; 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 58 Safety equipment and precautions
58. An employer shall ensure that a mobile crane, lift truck or powered mobile equipment is equipped with
(a) an audible back-up alarm that
(i) operates automatically when the vehicle is in reverse gear, and
(ii) is clearly audible above the background noise at the workplace,
or that another means of protection or warning that provides an equivalent level of safety is used;
(b) a manually operated horn, unless such a horn was not installed at the time of manufacture;
(c) adequate front and rear lights when the equipment is used after dark or in dimly lit areas;
(d) an adequate braking system; and
(e) a screen, shield, grill, deflector, guard or other adequate protection for the operator, where the operator may be exposed to the hazard of flying or intruding objects.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 29; 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 60
60. An employer shall ensure that a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment is not altered in such a way as to render ineffective a safety device or control, except where the change has been certified in writing by the manufacturer or an engineer to afford protection equal to or greater than the protection afforded by the original safety device or control.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 31; 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 61
61. An employer shall take adequate precautions to ensure that a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment does not tip or roll over.
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 63 Rollover protection
63. (1) An employer shall ensure that, where reasonably practicable, powered mobile equipment and lift trucks manufactured on or after January 1, 1974, are equipped with rollover protective structures that meet the minimum safety requirements of the latest versions of the following standards:
(a) CSA standard B352.0 , "Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial and Mining Machines - Part 1: General Requirements", or is certified by an engineer or the manufacturer to provide equivalent or better protection;
(b) where applicable, CSA standard B352.1 , "Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines - Part 2: Testing Requirements for ROPS on Agricultural Tractors", or is certified by an engineer or the manufacturer to provide equivalent or better protection; and
(c) where applicable, CSA standard B352.2 , "Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines - Part 3: Testing Requirements for ROPS on Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines", or is certified by an engineer or the manufacturer to provide equivalent or better protection.
(2) Where reasonably practicable, an employer shall ensure that powered mobile equipment or lift trucks manufactured before January 1, 1974 are equipped with rollover protective structures that meet the requirements of subsection (1) or
(a) a rollover protective structure and supporting attachments are designed, fabricated and installed in such a manner to support not less than twice the weight of the equipment, based on the ultimate strength of the material and integrated loading of the supporting members with the resultant load applied at the point of impact;
(b) there is a vertical clearance of 1320 mm between the deck and the rollover protective structure at the access openings; and
(c) the rollover protective structure and supporting attachments referred to in clause (a) are certified as meeting the requirements of clause (a) by the manufacturer of the rollover protective structure, the installing agency or an engineer.
(3) An employer shall ensure that modifications, alterations or repairs made to a rollover protective structure that affect the structural integrity of the structure meet the requirements of this Section and that the designing agency, the installing agency or an engineer certifies that modifications, alterations or repairs meet the requirements of this Section.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, ss. 33, 34; 53/2013, ss. 29, 93]
Section 64
64. An employer shall ensure that welding on a rollover protective structure that affects the structural integrity of the structure is performed by a competent person.
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 65
65. (1) An employer shall ensure that powered mobile equipment and lift trucks that have been fitted with rollover protective structures have
(a) seat belts for the operator and passengers that comply with or exceed the latest version of the applicable SAE standard listed below:
(i) SAE J386, "Operator Restraint System for Off-Road Work Machines",
(ii) SAE J800, "Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Assembly Installation"; or
(b) where the wearing of seat belts is not reasonably practicable, restraining devices such as shoulder belts, bars, gates, screens or other similar devices designed to prevent the operator and passengers from being thrown outside the rollover protective structure.
(2) An operator of and passengers on powered mobile equipment or a lift truck shall use the seat belts or restraining devices referred to in subsection (1) while the equipment is in motion.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 35; 53/2013, ss. 30, 93]
Section 66 Glass
66. An employer shall ensure that glazing or rigid plastic materials used as part of an enclosure for a cab, canopy or rollover protective structure on a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment is adequate in the circumstances where it is used, and is immediately replaced if it presents a hazard, including permanent interference with visibility.
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 67 Precautionary arrangements
67. (1) Unless otherwise authorized by an enactment, no person shall operate a lift truck or powered mobile equipment with passengers on the truck or equipment, unless the manufacturer's specifications for the truck or equipment state that the truck or equipment is designed to accommodate them safely.
(2) An employer shall ensure that powered mobile equipment and lift trucks that have an internal combustion engine are provided with fire protection equipment adequate for the hazards of the equipment or vehicles.
(3) An employer shall
(a) ensure that mirrors or other devices are installed and maintained at blind intersections where there may be a danger of a collision between a lift truck or powered mobile equipment and another object or a person; or
(b) establish a written procedure that provides an equivalent level of safety.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, ss. 36, 37; 53/2013, ss. 31, 93]
Section 68 Visibility
68. Where work with a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment is carried out in an area where dust may create a hazard to a person in the workplace because of poor visibility, an employer shall take steps to reduce the amount of dust in the air so as to protect a person from the risk of injury.
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 93
Section 69 Operating precautions
69. An operator of a mobile crane, where applicable, a lift truck or powered mobile equipment shall
(a) not set equipment in motion until all air and hydraulic pressures are fully built up at specified operating pressures;
(b) when leaving the equipment unattended
(i) park it on level ground, if reasonably practicable,
(ii) set the parking brake,
(iii) lower the blades, bucket or other attachment or safely block the attachment,
(iv) where applicable, disengage the master clutch, and
(v) shut off the engine or take other precautions to ensure the equipment is not inadvertently set in motion;
(c) not carry containers of gasoline, diesel oil or other flammable substances, classified as Class B substances under the Hazardous Products Act (Canada), in the part of the equipment where a person rides; and
(d) ensure that there are no loose articles that may present a hazard in the part of the equipment where a person rides.
[N.S. Reg. 52/2000, s. 38; 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 70
70. (1) An employer shall ensure that a hoist, lift truck or powered mobile equipment that has wire ropes, drums and sheaves is inspected
(a) visually on a daily basis by the operator of the equipment; and
(b) visually and manually by a competent person on a weekly basis.
(2) An employer shall ensure that, where a person works under a hoist, lift truck, or powered mobile equipment that is raised from the ground, the equipment is provided with blocking or other adequate means of support in case the means of lifting the equipment fails.
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 93]
Section 81
81. (1) An employer must ensure that a lift truck is designed, constructed, maintained, inspected, and operated in accordance with the latest version of the applicable standard listed below:
(a) CSA standard CSA B335 , "Safety standards for lift trucks";
(b) ANSI standard ANSI/ITSDF B56.1, "Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks";
(c) ANSI standard ANSI/ITSDF B56.6, "Safety Standard for Rough Terrain Forklift Trucks".
(2) An employer must ensure that every supervisor and operator of a lift truck has been provided with the necessary information, instruction, training, supervision, facilities, and equipment required for the safe operation of the equipment in accordance with the standards in subsection (1), as applicable.
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 35]
Section 82
82. (1) An employer must ensure that a lift truck is operated in a manner that will not endanger a person.
(1A) Where a lift truck is propelled by an internal combustion engine in a building or other enclosed structure, the employer must ensure adequate ventilation, monitoring and record keeping practices are carried out to ensure exposure from exhaust gases does not exceed the occupational exposure limit for the gas under Part 2: Occupational Health, of the Workplace Health and Safety Regulations made under the Act.
(2) An employer shall ensure that where a lift truck is operated
(a) in a one-way aisle, the width of the aisle equals at least the width of the vehicle or load being carried, whichever is wider, plus 600 mm; and
(b) in a two-way aisle, the width of the aisle equals at least twice the width of the vehicle or load being carried, whichever is wider, plus 900 mm.
(3) An employer must ensure that a lift truck that is propelled by propane has all engine and fuel components designed, assembled, examined, inspected, operated and maintained in accordance with the latest version of CSA standard CSA B149.2 , "Propane Storage and Handling Code".
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, ss. 36, 93]
83. Repealed. [N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 37]
Part 11 Electrical Safety
Section 126
126. (1) In this Section and in Section 128, "authority" means an electrical utility whose primary business is the generation or distribution of electricity.
(2) No person shall carry out work that may bring a person or object closer than 6.0 m to an overhead energized power line or power line equipment where the voltage of the overhead energized power line is not known to the person carrying out the work.
(3) Where work is performed in close proximity to an energized overhead power line or power line equipment rated at less than 750 v phase to phase, an employer shall ensure that the work is performed no closer than 1 m from the power line or power line equipment to ensure the safety of every person in the workplace from the electrical hazard.
(4) An employer shall ensure that no work is carried out, and no person shall carry out work that may bring a person or object closer than the distances set out in the following table to an overhead energized power line or power line equipment rated at greater than or equal to 750 v phase to phase:
Table
| Phase to Phase Voltage of Energized Electrical Distance Power Line or Power Line Equipment | Distance |
| 750 volts and up to 69 000 volts | 3.0 m |
| greater than 69 000 volts and up to 138 000 volts | 5.0 m |
| greater than 138 000 volts | 6.0 m |
(5) Despite subsections (3) and (4), where a person is about to commence work that may bring a person or object closer than a distance specified in subsection (3) or (4) to an overhead energized power line or power line equipment described in subsection (3) or (4), an employer shall not permit the person to commence work until the employer has contacted the authority owning or operating the energized power line or power line equipment and
(a) ensured that the energized powerline or power line equipment is insulated or guarded in an adequate manner; or
(b) provided an alternative means of protection from the electrical hazard that provides an equivalent level of safety.
(6) This Section does not apply to
(a) work performed by a competent person employed, contracted or authorized by an authority;
(b) equipment owned by an authority or an employer contracted or authorized by the authority, that is used in the installation, operation, maintenance, repair, dismantling or other work performed on the power line or power line equipment; or
(c) work performed on an energized power line or power line equipment where the employer has, in advance of the work,
(i) determined the degree of electrical insulation on the power line and power line equipment,
(ii) determined the level of electricity to which the power line or equipment will or may be energized,
(iii) obtained from an engineer, or the manufacturer of the power line and power line equipment, a written certification indicating that a person or object may be brought closer than the distances permitted by this Section, and
(iv) ensured that the work is performed by a competent person in an adequate manner consistent with the recommendations of the engineer or manufacturer providing the certification under subclause (iii).
[N.S. Reg. 53/2013, s. 51]
Workplace Health and Safety Regulations
N.S. Reg. 52/2013
Part 21 FALL PROTECTION
Section 21.1 Definitions for Part 21
21.1 In this Part,
"arborist" means a person trained and employed, in whole or in part, to climb trees for an economic or scientific purpose, including any of the following:
(i) detecting and treating disease, infections or infestations,
(ii) pruning, spraying or trimming,
(iii) repairing damaged trees,
(iv) assessing growth or harvesting potential;
"body belt" means a body support device that encircles the body at or about the waist;
"energy absorber" means a component of a fall-protection system consisting of a device that dissipates kinetic energy and does not return it to the fall-arrest system or into a person's body;
"fall distance" means the vertical distance a person may fall, measured from the surface where the weight of a person is supported to the surface the person could fall onto;
"fall-arrest system" means a fall-protection system consisting of an assembly of components that arrests a person's fall when properly assembled, used together and connected to a suitable anchorage;
"fall-protection system" means any secondary system that is intended to prevent a person from falling or arrests a fall that occurs, and includes guardrails, temporary flooring, travel-restraint systems, personnel safety nets and fall-arrest systems;
"full-body harness" means a body-holding device, similar to a parachute harness, that transfers suspension forces or impacts during a fall arrest to a person's pelvis or skeleton;
"guardrail" means a fall-protection system consisting of vertical and horizontal members that
(i) are capable of withstanding concentrated forces, as prescribed in these regulations or an applicable standard,
(ii) warn of a fall hazard, and
(iii) reduce the risk of a fall;
"horizontal lifeline" means a flexible line made from wire, fibre rope, wire rope, or rod, with end terminations at both ends, that extends horizontally from one end anchorage to another;
"lanyard" means a flexible line or strap used to secure a full-body harness to an energy absorber, fall-arrester, lifeline or anchorage;
"lifeline" means a component of a fall-protection system consisting of a vertical lifeline or a horizontal lifeline;
"personnel safety net" means a fall-protection system that uses at least 1 net to stop a person who is falling before the person makes contact with a lower level or obstruction;
"elevating work-platform" means a mobile horizontal working surface that provides access and support to a person at a workplace, and that is elevated and lowered by means of a mechanism that complies with Part 23: Scaffolds and Other Elevated Work-platforms;
"safe surface" means an area that meets all of the following criteria:
(i) it is large enough and strong enough to adequately support a person who falls,
(ii) it is level enough to prevent a further fall by a person who has fallen,
"self-retracting device" means a device that arrests a person's fall by performing a tethering function while allowing vertical movement below the device to the maximum working length of the device;
"temporary flooring" means a fall-protection system consisting of a horizontal working surface that is designed, constructed and installed to provide access to areas that do not have permanent flooring by protecting a person from falling through an unprotected opening;
"travel restraint system" means a fall-protection system that will prevent a person from reaching an unprotected edge or opening;
"vertical lifeline" means a flexible lifeline with an end termination on the top end that is connected to an anchorage or anchorage connector and hangs vertically from where it is connected;
"work-platform" means a raised temporary horizontal working surface that provides access and support to a person at a workplace;
"work-positioning system" means an assembly of components that, when properly assembled and used together, supports a person in a position or location so that the person's hands are free in the work position, but does not include a boatswain's chair, ladder, rope access or scaffold.
Part 23 SCAFFOLDS AND OTHER ELEVATED WORK-PLATFORMS
Section 23.12 Lift truck work-platform
23.12 (1) An employer must ensure that a lift truck work-platform is designed, maintained, inspected and operated in accordance with the latest version of ANSI standard ANSI/ITSDF B56.1, "Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks".
(2) While a person is on a lift truck work-platform, the lift truck used to lift a person must be operated only under the following conditions:
(a) it must be operated by a competent person who must be continuously at the controls;
(b) it must not be moved laterally over large distances;
(c) it or the platform may be moved slowly to make minor adjustments only.
Crane Operators Regulations
N.S. Reg. 13/2011
INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION
Section 7 Recognized certification organizations prescribed
7. A certification organization recognized or accredited by the Standards Council of Canada is prescribed as a recognized certification organization under the Act and these regulations for the purposes that the certification organization is recognized or accredited by the Standards Council of Canada.